Sunday, November 19, 2006

Bomba de entropia!

Olha só que visão legal das coisas... gostei tanto que é impossível não reproduzir aqui:

"Entropy is a property of matter and energy, and an open system can exchange entropy in the form of matter and energy between itself and its surroundings. Hence it is a mistake to hold a direct analogy between chaos and high entropy. Thermal energy input to the earth is made through the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere and sunlight in a ratio of 2:1, which would heat the earth to 31°C instead of the actual average of 15°C, were it not for air convection and water evaporation on the Earth's surface. The warm, light air and water vapor generated on the Earth's surface rise and undergo an adiabatic expansion because of the decrease in atmospheric pressure at the upper atmosphere with the result that the temperature falls to -23°C; the water vapor condenses into cloud, rain and snow. The entropy change of this process is equal to the difference between its increase at the earth surface (DSb = DQ/Tb, Tb = 288°K; DQ is the latent heat of water evaporation) and its decrease at the upper atmosphere (-DSa = -DQ/Ta. Ta=250°K); Tb greater than Ta, hence DSb - DSa is less than zero. The heat released through water condensation (-DQ) is dispersed outside of the Earth. Thus, the net entropy change of the earth is negative, the excess entropy being discarded into outer space, contributing to the total entropy increase of the universe. The low entropy in the form of condensed water is returned to the Earth's surface by precipitation. So the entropy of the Earth may continue to decrease by virtue of water circulation. This low entropy of water drives photosynthesis, using CO2 and sunlight as auxiliary raw material, and is transformed into the low entropy of the organic world. Hence, the Earth has been able to support organic evolution throughout its history!"

[...]


"...Earth is a 'magnificent ice-producing' machine constantly being fed low entropy in the form of water precipitation. As long as the water cycle remains intact, Earth can be sustained in a low entropy state... We should define the desired future as the Water Age, as it has always been on Earth, at least until the very recent past.... The Sun is primarily a sourse of thermal pollution, because most of its energy is not used by photosynthesis, while the low entropy of water is fully utilized by the Earth, which is nothing like a space ship because it can discard entropy to the outside."

A ênfase nos fluxos de entropia, a relação com a dinâmica e a existência da vida na Terra, e as perspectivas ambientalistas contidas neste trecho tornam-no uma peça rara. Uma literatura de baixa entropia no meio de tantas manifestações pobres de insight.
Onde eu encontrei o texto? Como uma citação logo na introdução do fantástico compêndio de artigos organizado por F. Eugene Yates e entitulado Self-Organizing systems - the emergence of order.

No comments: